Furthermore, the verb flatten means to lower the pitch of a note, typically by a small musical interval. If two simultaneous notes are slightly out-of-tune, the lower-pitched one (assuming the higher one is properly pitched) is "flat" with respect to the other. In intonation, flat can also mean "slightly lower in pitch" (by some unspecified amount). ![]() To allow extended just intonation, composer Ben Johnston uses a sharp as an accidental to indicate a note is raised 70.6 cents (ratio 25:24), and a flat to indicate a note is lowered 70.6 cents. In any other tuning system, such enharmonic equivalences in general do not exist. Under twelve-tone equal temperament, D ♭ for instance is enharmonically equivalent to C ♯, and G ♭ is equivalent to F ♯.
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